南北地震带强震主体活动区现象及未来趋势分析     

姚玉霞  王建荣  马凤珍  马海霞 《地震地磁观测与研究》2012,33(3):37-40

通过分析我国南北地震带（以下简称南北带）有仪器记录以来发生的大震后,发现存在约10年主体大震活动区,并自北而南有4次转移图像;同时对汶川8级大震前后的震情活动进行分析,认为未来10年南北带北段及以西地区将进入活跃期,很有可能发生多次7级以上地震,但也可能南移;未来几年四川地区可能再次发生大震,甘肃东南部地区有可能发生6级以上地震。  相似文献   

Post‐quake decision analysis using dynamic programming     

Gee Liek Yeo  C. Allin Cornell 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(1):79-93

We introduce a general decision analysis procedure based on stochastic dynamic programming in the post‐quake aftershock environment. The damage sustained by the building due to the mainsheet, the time‐varying aftershock rates and the potential for further damage progression in the post‐quake environment are all factors taken into consideration in the proposed methodology. This procedure enables the optimal decision after the mainshock to be selected based on the minimization of expected financial losses, subject to a constraint on a minimal level of individual life‐safety, using a consistent probabilistic framework to explicitly quantify the uncertainties in the variables. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Seismic design and response evaluation of unbonded post‐tensioned hybrid coupled wall structures     

Yahya C. Kurama  Qiang Shen 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(14):1677-1702

This paper presents an analytical investigation on the seismic design and response of coupled wall structures that use unbonded post‐tensioned steel coupling beams. Both monolithic cast‐in‐place reinforced concrete wall piers and precast concrete wall piers are considered. Steel top and seat angles are used at the coupling beam ends for energy dissipation. The seismic design of prototype structures to achieve target displacement‐based performance objectives is evaluated based on nonlinear static and dynamic time history analyses. Additional recommendations are provided on shear design. Comparisons with ‘conventional’ structures that use embedded steel coupling beams as well as isolated walls with no coupling are provided. The results indicate that while the peak lateral displacements of unbonded post‐tensioned coupled wall structures are larger than the peak displacements of structures with embedded beams, the residual displacements are significantly reduced as a result of the restoring effect of the post‐tensioning steel. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Seismic self‐centering steel beam‐to‐column moment connections using bolted friction devices     

Keh‐Chyuan Tsai  Chung‐Che Chou  Chi‐Lon Lin  Pei‐Ching Chen  Sheng‐Jhih Jhang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2008,37(4):627-645

This paper first presents the force–deformation relationship of a post‐tensioned (PT) steel beam‐to‐column connection constructed with bolted web friction devices (FDs). This paper then describes the test program conducted in the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taiwan, on four bolted FDs and four full‐scale PT beam‐to‐column moment connection subassemblies using the FDs. Tests confirm that (1) the hysteretic behavior of four bolted FDs is very stable, (2) the friction coefficient between the steel plate and the brass shim is about 0.34, (3) the proposed force–deformation relationships reasonably predict the experimental responses of the PT connections under cyclically increasing deformations up to a beam peak rotation of 0.05 rad, and (4) the decompression moments do not degrade as beam cyclic deformations increase. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

竖向排水井地基工后沉降预测   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘加才  赵维炳  施建勇  宰金珉 《岩土力学》2006,27(9):1475-1479

预测工后沉降是排水固结预压加固软土地基的关键问题之一。根据等应变竖向排水井地基固结理论,提出了沉降曲线的近似计算方法。通过实测沉降资料与近似理论曲线的拟合,获得竖向排水井地基的最终沉降量和平均固结度,从而预估其工后沉降量。将该方法分别应用于真空预压和堆载预压处理的竖井地基,进行工后沉降预测,结果表明该方法是可行的  相似文献   

扬子陆块西缘寒武系砂岩的物源分析：对古地理位置重建和构造背景的指示     

张英利  贾晓彤 《地质学报》2024,98(2):363-380

扬子陆块西缘寒武系主要为一套碎屑岩- 碳酸盐岩的岩石组合,前人研究多认为形成于相对稳定的克拉通盆地。但同时期出现的大陆岩浆作用显然与前期认定的克拉通盆地性质不符,需要借助扬子西缘的物质来源探讨构造背景。基于野外露头等资料,本文通过对扬子陆块西缘会泽和会东附近寒武系3件砂岩样品进行重矿物分析、电气石电子探针和碎屑锆石U- Pb测年分析,确定扬子西缘寒武纪沉积物的源区;并结合沉积序列等综合探讨扬子陆块西缘寒武纪的构造背景。沉积序列表明,扬子西缘寒武系沧浪铺组、西王庙组和二道水组主要由砂岩和白云岩等组成,沉积环境为滨岸—潮坪。细—粗砂岩碎屑颗粒为次棱角状—次圆状,分选较差;碎屑组分主要为石英,岩屑几乎全部为燧石,长石含量较少。测试分析结果表明：重矿物分析指示扬子西缘寒武系砂岩重矿物主要由锆石、赤—褐铁矿、电气石、钛铁矿、金红石、磷灰石等组成,重矿物组合指示岩浆岩为其主要母岩;电气石电子探针分析结果表明,物源主要来自于贫锂花岗岩和变砂岩、变泥岩;碎屑锆石测年分析表明物源区母岩主要为983~540 Ma岩浆岩。碎屑锆石年龄对比等综合分析表明,寒武系沉积物部分源自康滇古陆983~708 Ma的岩浆岩和变沉积岩,部分源自冈瓦纳大陆东非造山带663~540 Ma的岩石,物源区岩石经历再旋回产物作用。扬子西缘寒武系的沉积序列、碎屑锆石年龄谱图和碎屑组成等特征综合分析表明,扬子陆块西缘寒武系形成于前陆盆地。  相似文献   

Transition from arc‐ to post‐collision extensional setting revealed by K–Ar dating and petrology: an example from the granitoids of the Eastern Pontide Igneous Terrane,Araklı‐Trabzon,NE Turkey     

Sabah Yilmaz‐ahi&#x;n 《Geological Journal》2005,40(4):425-440

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湖泊沉积有机碳同位素与环境变化的研究进展   总被引：22，自引：2，他引：20  

余俊清  王小燕  李军  安芷生 《湖泊科学》2001,13(1):72-78

湖泊沉积有机质稳定碳同位素（δ^13Corg)在区域气候与环境变化方面的应用近年来发展迅速,成果令人瞩目,保存在各类湖泊岩芯中的δ^13Corg记录揭示了晚更新世以来大气CO2浓度的变化、湖泊水位波动、湖区生态与植被的变迁以及气温变化等重要环境信息,由于造成δ^13Corg值变化的影响因素较多,确定个湖与环境变化有关的主导因素时常有赖于其它证据的帮助,诸如地球化学、古湖沼学、孢粉学、分子同位素地层学等等,前人通过研究来自不同类型湖泊、具不同曲线形态特征的δ^13Corg记录,提出了多种环境解释模型,本文对此作了归纳和评述。鉴别和澄清湖泊沉积有机质的源物质以及有机物源随环境变化而发生过的变化,是研究δ^13Corg记录环境意义至关重要的基础性工作,由于有机质含量、碳氮比值、氢指数、生物残留物鉴别等常能提供有关有关湖泊有机质来源、产率、成岩作用等方面的有用信息,这方面的研究结果应该尽可能一并提供,以利于恰当地应用现有的环境解释模型,或者建立个湖新模型,单体生物标志化合物鉴别通常也能为区分湖积有机质中陆生、水生、细菌生等不同碳的来源提供有用信息,特定化合物同位素分析技术近年来成功地应用于建立单体生物标志化合物碳同位素地层学,为湖积有机碳同位素在生态环境演变研究方面的应用提供了思路,我国许多湖泊的湖底沉积岩芯尚未钻取,那些对过去全球变化研究有价值的δ^13Corg记录有待我们去获取和研究。  相似文献   

Determination of the seismic performance factors for post‐tensioned rocking timber wall systems          下载免费PDF全文

Francesco Sarti  Alessandro Palermo  Stefano Pampanin  Jeffrey Berman 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(2):181-200

Post‐tensioned technologies for concrete seismic resistant buildings were first developed in the 1990s during the PREcast Seismic Structural Systems program. Among different solutions, the hybrid system proved to be the most resilient solution providing a combination of re‐centering and energy dissipative contributions respectively by using post‐tensioned tendons and mild steel reinforcement. The system, while providing significant strength and energy dissipation, reduces structural element damage and limits post‐earthquake residual displacements. More recently, the technology was extended to laminated veneer lumber (LVL) structural members, and extensive experimental and numerical work was carried out and allowed the development of reliable analytical and numerical models as well as design guidelines. On the basis of the experimental and numerical outcomes, this paper presents the evaluation of the seismic performance factors for post‐tensioned rocking LVL walls using the FEMA P‐695 procedure. Several archetype buildings were designed considering different parameters such as the building and story height, the type of seismic resistant system, the magnitude of gravity loads and the seismic design category. Lumped plasticity models were developed for each index archetype to simulate the behavioral aspects and collapse mechanisms. Non‐linear quasi‐static analyses were carried out to evaluate the system over‐strength factor; moreover, non‐linear time history analyses were performed using the incremental dynamic analysis concept to assess the collapse of each building. From the results of quasi‐static and dynamic analyses the response modification factor, R, system over‐strength factor, Ω₀, and deflection amplification factor, C_d, values of, respectively, 7, 3.5 and 7.5 are recommended. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

参数型岩石几何损伤模型的构建及其应用研究     

张超  白允 《岩土力学》2020,41(12):3899-3909

岩石几何损伤模型是建立统计损伤本构模型的重要基础。在岩石变形力学特性基础上对现有岩石几何损伤模型进行了回顾性分析，针对它们难以较好地反映初始损伤特征和峰后变形破坏特征的缺陷与不足，首先，将岩石材料视为由未损伤部分、初始损伤部分和后继损伤部分组成，提出了考虑初始损伤的岩石几何损伤模型；然后，通过探讨Weibull分布参数m和F0对损伤变量变化产生的影响，构建了参数型岩石几何损伤模型，在此基础上建立了应变软化类岩石统计损伤本构模型并进行了修正，给出了模型参数的确定方法；最后，通过模型验证和参数分析表明，修正后模型能够较好地模拟岩石变形破裂全过程，参数l和h对损伤变量变化产生的影响与m和F0等效，解决了现有岩石几何损伤模型存在的共性问题，该模型和方法具有一定的合理性和可行性。  相似文献